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Wayland下的窗口管理器： Hyprland

Updated January 26, 2023 , by fzdwx | linuxwm

今天简单尝试了一下 Hyprland,它的功能类似于 DWM + picom 的组合.只是粗略的尝试了一下,发现还是有一些问题:

  1. 分屏的时候,扩展屏幕的光标不显示
    • 设置 WLR_NO_HARDWARE_CURSORS=1 即可解决
  2. 扩展屏幕不时有一些黑块闪烁
    • 替换安装包为 hyprland-nvidia-git 即可解决
  3. waybar 有一点用的不爽,它的 workspaces 不是每个屏幕都是独立的(DWM 中的 tag 功能)

当然它还是有一些好处的:

  1. 不打任何补丁就有很好的可用性
  2. 自带了一些动画效果
  3. 配置文件热加载(即每次修改就会立即生效)
    • 这一点好评,DWM 是每次修改了配置都要重新 make

但是我还是选择继续使用 DWM,因为它没有什么必须切换的理由,而且有一些我常用的功能在 Hyprland 中没有找到替代的,加上我的 DWM 的配置也趋于稳定了,也新增了可以点击的 status bar（Hyprland 下使用waybar 可以做到这个功能）.

:::details 相关代码 安装脚本:

# 安装 hyperland
yay -S hyprland-nvidia-git
# 安装 waybar
yay -S waybar-hyprland-git
# 安装 hyprland share
yay -S xdg-desktop-portal-hyprland-git
# 安装 rofi for wayland
yay -S rofi-lbonn-wayland-git
# 安装 壁纸切换
git clone https://github.com/Horus645xx/swww
cd swww
cargo build --release
cp /target/release/swww /usr/bin
cp /target/release/swww-daemon /usr/bin
swww init
swww img --transition-type left  ~/Pictures/bg/0494e945880511ebb6edd017c2d2eca2.png

供参考的启动脚本:

export LIBVA_DRIVER_NAME=nvidia
export XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland
export GBM_BACKEND=nvidia-drm
export __GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME=nvidia
export WLR_NO_HARDWARE_CURSORS=1 # fix cursor
# Example IME Support: fcitx5
export GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
export QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
export XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx5
export SDL_IM_MODULE=fcitx5
export GLFW_IM_MODULE=ibus
exec Hyprland

~/.config/hypr/hyprland.conf:

########################################################################################
AUTOGENERATED HYPR CONFIG.
PLEASE USE THE CONFIG PROVIDED IN THE GIT REPO /examples/hypr.conf AND EDIT IT,
OR EDIT THIS ONE ACCORDING TO THE WIKI INSTRUCTIONS.
########################################################################################

#
# Please note not all available settings / options are set here.
# For a full list, see the wiki
#

# See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Monitors/
monitor=,preferred,auto,auto
#monitor=eDP-1-1, 1920x1080@144, 1920x0, 1
#monitor=HDMI-0, 1920x1080@60, 0x0, 1

# See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Keywords/ for more

# Execute your favorite apps at launch
# exec-once = waybar & hyprpaper & firefox

exec-once = fcitx5
exec-once = flameshot
exec-once = /opt/clash/cfw
exec-once = waybar
#exec-once = dunst

# Source a file (multi-file configs)
# source = ~/.config/hypr/myColors.conf

#misc {
#    no_vfr = 1
#}
# For all categories, see https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/
input {
    kb_layout = us
    kb_variant =
    kb_model =
    kb_options =
    kb_rules =

    follow_mouse = 1

    touchpad {
        natural_scroll = no
    }

    sensitivity = 0 # -1.0 - 1.0, 0 means no modification.
}

general {
    # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/ for more

    gaps_in = 5
    gaps_out = 20
    border_size = 2
    col.active_border = rgba(33ccffee) rgba(00ff99ee) 45deg
    col.inactive_border = rgba(595959aa)

    layout = dwindle
}

decoration {
    # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/ for more

    rounding = 10
    blur = yes
    blur_size = 3
    blur_passes = 1
    blur_new_optimizations = on

    drop_shadow = yes
    shadow_range = 4
    shadow_render_power = 3
    col.shadow = rgba(1a1a1aee)
}

animations {
    enabled = yes

    # Some default animations, see https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Animations/ for more

    bezier = myBezier, 0.05, 0.9, 0.1, 1.05

    animation = windows, 1, 7, myBezier
    animation = windowsOut, 1, 7, default, popin 80%
    animation = border, 1, 10, default
    animation = fade, 1, 7, default
    animation = workspaces, 1, 6, default
}

dwindle {
    # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Dwindle-Layout/ for more
    pseudotile = yes # master switch for pseudotiling. Enabling is bound to mainMod + P in the keybinds section below
    preserve_split = yes # you probably want this
}

master {
    # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Master-Layout/ for more
    new_is_master = true
}

gestures {
    # See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Variables/ for more
    workspace_swipe = off
}

# Example per-device config
# See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Keywords/#executing for more
device:epic mouse V1 {
    sensitivity = -0.5
}

# Example windowrule v1
# windowrule = float, ^(kitty)$
# Example windowrule v2
# windowrulev2 = float,class:^(kitty)$,title:^(kitty)$
# See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Window-Rules/ for more
#
# 定义 class 带 float 的都初始为 float 启动
windowrulev2 = float,class:^(float)$
windowrulev2 = noborder,class:^(noborder)$

# See https://wiki.hyprland.org/Configuring/Keywords/ for more
$mainMod = SUPER
$term = wezterm
$term_float = wezterm start --class float
$rofi = rofi -show window -show-icons

# start term
bind = $mainMod,       Return,       exec, $term
# start float term
bind = $mainMod,   minus,        exec, $term_float
# start launch
bind = ALT,        SPACE,        exec, $rofi

# kill window
bind = $mainMod, Q, killactive,
bind = $mainMod, P, pseudo, # dwindle
bind = $mainMod, J, togglesplit, # dwindle
# super + f 全屏窗口
bind=$mainMod,F,fullscreen,0
# super + space 将窗口切换为浮动
bind=$mainMod,SPACE,togglefloating,active


# 切换聚焦窗口
bind=SUPER,left,movefocus,l
bind=SUPER,right,movefocus,r
bind=SUPER,up,movefocus,u
bind=SUPER,down,movefocus,d

# 将当前窗口移动 可以一直移动
bind=SUPERSHIFT,left,movewindow,l
bind=SUPERSHIFT,right,movewindow,r
bind=SUPERSHIFT,up,movewindow,u
bind=SUPERSHIFT,down,movewindow,d

# 切换工作空间
bind=SUPER,TAB,workspace,previous
bind = $mainMod, 1, workspace, 1
bind = $mainMod, 2, workspace, 2
bind = $mainMod, 3, workspace, 3
bind = $mainMod, 4, workspace, 4
bind = $mainMod, 5, workspace, 5
bind = $mainMod, 6, workspace, 6
bind = $mainMod, 7, workspace, 7
bind = $mainMod, 8, workspace, 8
bind = $mainMod, 9, workspace, 9
bind = $mainMod, 0, workspace, 10


# alt+super + 方向键 控制窗口大小
bind=$mainMod,comma,resizeactive,-20 0
bind=$mainMod,period,resizeactive,20 0
bind=ALT_SUPER,up,resizeactive,0 -20
bind=ALT_SUPER,down,resizeactive,0 20

# Move active window to a workspace with mainMod + SHIFT + [0-9]
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 1, movetoworkspace, 1
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 2, movetoworkspace, 2
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 3, movetoworkspace, 3
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 4, movetoworkspace, 4
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 5, movetoworkspace, 5
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 6, movetoworkspace, 6
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 7, movetoworkspace, 7
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 8, movetoworkspace, 8
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 9, movetoworkspace, 9
bind = $mainMod SHIFT, 0, movetoworkspace, 10


# shift + super + left/right 移动窗口 到下一个或上一个工作区
bind = $mainMod SHIFT,Left,movetoworkspace,e-1
bind = $mainMod SHIFT,right,movetoworkspace,e+1

# Scroll through existing workspaces with mainMod + scroll
bind = $mainMod, mouse_down, workspace, e+1
bind = $mainMod, mouse_up, workspace, e-1

# Move/resize windows with mainMod + LMB/RMB and dragging
bindm = $mainMod, mouse:272, movewindow
bindm = $mainMod, mouse:273, resizewindow

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